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<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Original document: http://www.ksc.nasa.gov/history/apollo/apollo-missions.txt
Marked up by Richard Birkby, ThunderMain Ltd, April 2000
Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without
express written permission of ThunderMain Ltd is granted only if
this header is maintained.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<missions>
<mission name="SA-1 (1)">
Pad 34 (1)
Saturn-1 (1)
<milestones>
<milestone date="06/05/61">LC-34 dedicatation </milestone>
<milestone date="08/15/61">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="08/15/61">S-IV (dummy) Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="08/15/61">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="09/06/61">Full tank pressurization test</milestone>
<milestone date="10/27/61">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
Dummy second (S-4) weighing 25,000 lbs and ballasted with 90,000 lbs
(11,000 gallons of water), Dummy third stage (S-5) weighing 3,000
lbs and ballasted with 100,000 lbs (12,000 gallons of water).
</payload>
<objectives>
Research and Development of the S-1 launch vehicle. Test of
the S-1 stage propulsion and verify the structure and aerodynamics
of the vehicle.
</objectives>
<launch>
October 27, 1961 10:06 a.m. Fully fueled and ready to go, the
Saturn weighed 925,000 lbs. The first stage was loaded with 600,000
lbs of propellant (kerosene fuel and liquid oxygen).
Prelaunch preparation began at 7:00am
on 10/26/61. Mechanical Office tasks included inspection of the high
pressure gas panel, cable masts, and fuel masts; ordnance installation;
and preparation of the holddown arms. The propellant team filled the
launch vehicle's tanks to the 10% level, using a slow, manual procedure
of approximately 750 liters per minute to check for leaks. A leak in
the fuel mast vacuum breaker was detected and easily repaired and at
2:30pm the launch team cleared the pad for the automatic "fast fill"
operation. Fuel flowed into the launch vehicle at 7570 liters per
minute reaching the 97% level in about 35min. The propellants team
then reverted to the "slow fill" procedure until the vehicle was
topped off at 103% of the required RP-1. The ten hour countdown
began at 11:00pm as LC-34 switched to the Cape's emergency
generating plant. Loading of the liquid oxygen started after 3:00am
(T-350). The Saturn LOX tanks were 10% filled to check for leaks in
the vehicle or in the 229 meter tranfer line, as well as precool the
line for the fast flow of super-cold LOX.
Two hours from the 9:00am scheduled liftoff, an unfavorable weather
report prompted launch officials to call a hold. The count resumed at
7:34am and the launch team rolled the service structure back to its
parking area. The propellants team configured the LOX facility for
fast fill (9500 liters per min) at T-100 and the blockhouse doors
were swung shut at T-65 min. Launch officials, concerned that a
patch of clouds over the Cape might obsure tracking cameras, called a
second hold at 9:14am. Within half an hour, the countdown resumed.
Launch came when the ground launch sequencer ordered the firing of
a solid propellant charge. The gases from the ignition accelerated
a turbine that in turn drove fuel and LOX pumps. Hydraulic valves
opened, allowing RP-1 and LOX into the combustion chambers, along with
a hypergolic fluid that ignited the mixture. The engines fired in pairs,
developing full thrust in 1.4 seconds. A final rough combustion check
was followed by ejection of LOX and RP-1 fill masts from the booster
base. The four hold-down arms released the rocket 3.97 seconds after
first ignition and SA-1 was airborne. [Moonport - A History of
Launch Facilities and Operations. Charles D. Benson and William B.
Faherty. NASA SP-4204 page 62].
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude> 137km </altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits>(suborbital)</orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance> 344km downrange</distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
10/27/61. Impact in the Atlantic ocean 344km downrange
</landing>
<highlights>
The only major difficulty that turned up with SA-1 was an unanticipated
degree of sloshing of propellants in the vehicle's tanks. Beginning with
vehicle SA-3, additional antislosh baffels were installed. SA-1 was
heavily instrumented with nearly 400 of SA-1's 510 telemetered readings
concerned with propulsion, temperature or pressure. Other measurements
included strain, vibration, flight mechanics, steering control,
stabilized platform, guidance, RF, voltage and current.
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="SA-2 (2)">
Pad 34 (2)
Saturn-1 (2)
<milestones>
<milestone date="02/27/62">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="02/27/62">S-IV (dummy) Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="02/27/62">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="04/25/62">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
Water (95 tons), Dummy 2nd stage, Jupiter nose cone
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
April 25, 1962 09:00:34 a.m. EST.
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude> </altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits>(suborbital)</orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance> </distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
04/25/62
</landing>
<highlights>
The first payload carried on SA-2 and SA-3 was called Project
Highwater, authorized by NASA's Office of Space Sciences. The
inert S-IV and S-V stages for these launches carried 109,000
liters (30,000 gallons) of ballast water for release in the upper
atmosphere. This was used to study the effects on radio
transmission and changes in local weather conditions. At an
altitude of 150km, explosive devices ruptured the S-IV and S-V
tanks and in just five seconds, ground observers saw the formation
of a hugh ice cloud estimated to be several kilometers in diameter.
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="SA-3 (3)">
Pad 34 (3)
Saturn-1 (3)
<milestones>
<milestone date="09/19/62">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="09/19/62">S-IV (dummy) Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="09/19/62">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="11/16/62">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
Water (95 tons), Dummy 2nd stage, Jupiter nose cone
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
<milestone date="11/16/62">Launch</milestone>
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude> </altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits>(suborbital)</orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance> </distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
11/16/62. Impact in the Atlantic ocean
</landing>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="SA-4 (4)">
Pad 34 (4)
Saturn-1 (4)
<milestones>
<milestone date="02/02/63">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="02/02/63">S-IV Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="02/02/63">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="03/28/63">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
Dummy second stage, Jupiter nose cone
</payload>
<objectives>
The Saturn-1 booster S-1 stage consisted of a cluster of 8 H-1
engines. One of the appealing features of this configuration was
the added safety of providing for an "engine-out capability" where
other engines could burn longer than planned if an engine cutoff
early. On the SA-4 mission, a premature single engine cutoff
of one engine was programmed 100 seconds into the flight. This
experiment was successful. (NASA SP-4206 page 324).
</objectives>
<launch>
March 28, 1963. 03:11:55 p.m. EST.
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude> </altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits>(suborbital)</orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance> </distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
03/28/63. Impact in the Atlantic ocean
</landing>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="Pad-Abort-Test-1 (6)">
WSMR Area #3 ()
Little Joe II
<milestones>
<milestone date="11/7/63">Launch </milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
Boilerplate #6
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
</launch>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="SA-5 (6)">
Pad 37B (1)
Saturn-1 (5)
<milestones>
<milestone date="08/21/63">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="09/21/63">S-IV Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="08/21/63">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="01/29/64">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
Live second stage, Instrument unit, ballasted Jupiter nose cone
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
January 29, 1964, 11:25:01 a.m. EST. Launch on 01/27/64 scrubbed
due to test flange left in S-1 stage liquid-oxygen (LOX) replenshment
line, preventing flow of LOX to vehicle; 73-minute hold on 01/29/64
due to interference in C-band radar and command destruct frequencies.
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude>785km Apogee, 262km Perigee</altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits>(orbital)</orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance></distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
01/29/64.
</landing>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="A-001 (7)">
WSMR ()
Little Joe II
<milestones>
<milestone date="05/13/64">Launch </milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
</launch>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="SA-6 (8)">
Pad 37B (2)
Saturn-1 (6)
A-101 ()
<milestones>
<milestone date="02/18/64">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="02/22/64">S-IV Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="02/18/64">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="05/28/64">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
Boilerplate 13 CSM, production LES, service module/launch vehicle adapter
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
<milestone date="05/28/64">Launch</milestone>
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude> 227km Apogee, 182km Perigee</altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits></orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance> </distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
05/28/64
</landing>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="SA-7 (9)">
Pad 37B (3)
Saturn-1 (7)
A-102 ()
<milestones>
<milestone date="06/07/64">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="06/12/64">S-IV Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="06/07/64">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="09/18/64">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
<milestone date="09/18/64">Launch</milestone>
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude> </altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits></orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance> </distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
</landing>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="A-002 (10)">
WSMR ()
Little Joe II
<milestones>
<milestone date="12/08/64">Launch </milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
</launch>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="SA-9 (11)">
Pad 37B (4)
Saturn-1 (9)
A-103 ()
<milestones>
<milestone date="10/30/64">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="10/22/64">S-IV Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="10/30/64">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="02/16/65">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
<milestone date="02/16/65">Launch</milestone>
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude> </altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits></orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance> </distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
</landing>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="A-003 (12)">
WSMR ()
Little Joe II
<milestones>
<milestone date="05/19/65">Launch </milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
</launch>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="SA-8 (13)">
Pad 37B (5)
Saturn-1 (8)
A-104 ()
<milestones>
<milestone date="02/25/65">S-IV Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="02/28/65">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="03/08/65">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="05/25/65">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
<milestone date="05/25/65">Launch</milestone>
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude> </altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits></orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance> </distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
</landing>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="Pad-Abort-Test-2 (14)">
WSMR ()
Little Joe II
<milestones>
<milestone date="06/29/65">Launch </milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
</launch>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="SA-10 (15)">
Pad 37B ()
Saturn-1 (10)
A-105 ()
<milestones>
<milestone date="06/01/65">S-1 Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="05/08/65">S-IV Stage ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="06/01/65">S-IU ondock at KSC</milestone>
<milestone date="07/30/65">Launch</milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
</payload>
<objectives>
</objectives>
<launch>
<milestone date="07/30/65">Launch</milestone>
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude> </altitude>
<inclination>xxx degrees</inclination>
<orbits></orbits>
<duration>
<days>0</days>
<hours>0</hours>
<min>0</min>
<seconds>0</seconds>
</duration>
<distance> </distance>
</orbit>
<landing>
</landing>
<highlights>
</highlights>
</mission>
<mission name="A-004 (16)">
Little Joe II
WSMR ()
<milestones>
<milestone date="01/20/66">Launch </milestone>
</milestones>
<payload>
Block I production model 002
</payload>
<objectives>
Abort Qualification Program
</objectives>
<launch>
NASA had hoped to finish the Little Joe II abort qualification program
by the end of 1965, but on 17 December the Flight Readiness Board refused
to accept the booster and canceled a launch set for the next day. A month
later, at 8:15 am on 1/20/66, the last Little Joe II headed toward an
altitude of 24 kilometers and a downrange distance of 14 kilometers. Then,
as designed, the launch vehicle started to tumble; the launch escape system
sensed trouble and fired its abort rocket, carrying the command module
away from impending disaster.
</launch>
<orbit>
<altitude>24km</altitude>
<inclination>x </inclination>
<orbits>(suborbital)</orbits>
<distance> 14km</distance>
</orbit>
<highlights>
All went well, the launch, the test conditions, the telemetry, the
spacecraft and postflight analysis. The spacecraft windows picked up
too much soot from the tower jettison motor, but the structure
remained intact. Little Joe II was honorably retired, its basic
purpose - making sure the launch esc
XSLT code:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Created by Richard Birkby, ThunderMain Ltd, April 2000
Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without
express written permission of ThunderMain Ltd is granted only if
this header is maintained.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<xsl:template match="/">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<STYLE>
BODY, P, TD, TH {font-family:verdana; font-size: 8pt}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<xsl:call-template name="mission_time"/>
<TABLE BORDER="1" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="0">
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Payload</th>
<th>Landing</th>
<th>Altitude</th>
<th>days</th>
<th>hours</th>
<th>minutes</th>
<th>seconds</th>
</tr>
<xsl:apply-templates select="/missions/mission"/>
</TABLE>
</BODY>
</HTML>
</xsl:template>
<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<xsl:template name="mission_time">
<xsl:variable name="days" select="missions/mission/orbit/duration/days"/>
<xsl:variable name="hours" select="missions/mission/orbit/duration/hours"/>
<xsl:variable name="minutes" select="missions/mission/orbit/duration/min"/>
<xsl:variable name="seconds" select="missions/mission/orbit/duration/seconds"/>
<p>
Total Apollo time:<br />
Seconds: <xsl:value-of select="sum($seconds) + (sum($minutes)*60) + (sum($hours) * 60 * 60) + (sum($days) * 60 * 60 * 24)"/><br />
Days: <xsl:value-of select="(sum($seconds) div 86400) + (sum($minutes) div 1440) + (sum($hours) div 24) + sum($days)"/><br />
</p>
</xsl:template>
<!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
<xsl:template match="mission">
<tr>
<td><xsl:value-of select="@name"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="payload"/> </td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="landing"/> </td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="orbit/altitude"/> </td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="orbit/duration/days"/> </td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="orbit/duration/hours"/> </td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="orbit/duration/min"/> </td>
<td><xsl:value-of select="orbit/duration/seconds"/> </td>
</tr>
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